Reinforced concrete construction.



"PATENTBD APR. 9, 1907.

E. M: scormLn. REINFORCED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

. APPLICATION FILED 0OT.21, 1904.

i it all whom it may concerns,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDSON. M. SCOFIELD, or PHILADELPHLA,PENNS YLVANIA. I EuvFoRo D CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION.

'Be it known that I, EDsoN M. SCOFIELD, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Reinforced Concrete Construction,v of whichthe following is a specification.

' My invention consists in an improved of concrete columns means for tying together and spacing the rods forming the vertlcal reinforcing members or equivalent structures, one object of the invention being to provide a device whereby the steel bars extending longitudinally through a column will be properly spaced relatively to each other and to the form within which the column is built, there being secured at the same time a material addition to'the transverse strength in a column of circular cross-section. Figs'.

1 4, 5, and6 are sect onal plan of a column byrea'son of my'device.

The above object and other advantages arising from the'construction I secure as here-' inafter set forth, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in whichv Figure l is a sectional plan View showing the form and reinforcing-bars for a column of rectangular section and illustrating the applicationofmyinvention thereto. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly insection, of the construction shown in Fig. 1. .Fig. 3 is a sectional lan view showing my invention as applie to the spacing of the reinforcing-bars views showing special-forms-of my invention as applied to regard tothe body of concrete columns of rectangular section. Figs. 7 and 8 are also special forms 'of myinve11tioi1,illustrating it as applied tocolumn's of circular and octagonal sections. Fi 9 is another form of the device in which t e spacing-bars areso made as to not only maintain themselves and the reinforcing-bars at proper distances from each other and from the forms, but also so that said spacing-bars will be maintained in a substantially horizontal position. Fig. 10 is. a sectional elevation of the construction shown in'Fig. 9 and Fig. 11 is a side elevation of a special form.,of spaciIlg-bfll.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, A represents a form for a column havinglongitudinal reinforcing-bars Bfirl the present in-. stance four in number'which it is essential should occupy certain definite positions with torming the column that is,they must be held in defispacing-bars are employed cated in Fig. 2, and their side members are their ends 6: and .b"

' applied to the sp Patented April 9, 1907,

nite position relatively to each other and to,'the form while the concrete is being placed 1 and is setting. In order to this, I sisting 0 two substantially U-shaped rods-or pieces, whose ends are turned to be practically at right angles to their side members, so 'as to hold said members at a correctdistance from the surfaceof the in pairs, as indiof such axlength in the 1present instance that the ends I) of one of t em engage opposite sides a of the form near the edges thereof and adjacent to two of the forcing-bars, while the ends 6 of the other longitudinal reinrespectively engage the same sides ofv the concrete form, but at the opposite edges thereof and adjacent to the second pair of longitudinal reinforcing-bars. The two pairs ofspacing-bars next above and next below those just noted are so placed that engage the two opposite sides a .ofthe form by an arrangement of parts similar to that above noted, and conseguently maintain themselves atthe proper istance from the same. The pair of sections forming each spacing-bar are respectively wired together, are also wired to indicated at 0 In Fig. 3 I have the reinforcingbars B, as

illustrated my invention as this instance eight reinforcing-bars B, while the spacing-bars are so constructed and placed that each pair of them engages the form A at four points which lie substantially in the same plane, while the ends of successive pairs engage the form at points practically ninety degrees from the points of enagement of different vertical lines from those in which the ends of the first-noted pair engage said form. In Fig. 7 I have shown anarrangement similar to that illustrated in Fig. 3, though it will be noted that the device is applied to the spacing of but four reinforcing-bars B In Fig. 4 I have illustrated myinvention as applied to acolumn of rectangularsectio which the spacing-bar's'C are of'sm; sions that when in place the ends 1?) of them are ad'acfent to each other wired together lay ties a. Each pair form A.'. "These the pairs adjacent to them or inhe e best accomplish rovide spacing-bars 0, each conas indicated at 0 and l acing of the reinforcing-bars, of a column of circular section, there being in fore engages the] form A at two' opposi greater than ninety degrees to its side rnemu illustrated at-Cin Eig. 11, the endscbTof-it s sections"; asbefore, being benttat-a right gan I as applied to: the spacing of reinfor n' -b each other} 1-:

points, While} as ahoYe, adj aoent fpairs, IT f gage said form at points in diflerent planes Fig. 5 illustrates a special form of spacingbar having its ends projecting at anangler.

hers, it being noted that the 'sections'of' each sp acing-bar are so placed that their ends may be wiredtogether and placed to engage the form at the corners thereof instead of-at the; middle .ofsaid si-des -as in'the' case of Fig! InrFigi I have illustratd iny in' emio in an octagonal column, the-=foi'rnA in tin case having the spaoing bars s'o pl'aeed that the ends ,ofadj 'aeent bars engage the sides The; two; spacing barfseetionsgoing I make up; asetandilying'in thesaifie'plane a not necessarily the -same Shap'e'fsinC'e, if d sired,,-they may-beef the formshowif inFi 6, inwvhich one of the hars b is w jdedf f withthe.customaryend portion'b at angle to its s'idemem bers while the seeond mein berbi of theset, though also 'of-agU'shape'j made :without turned-out end' 'poftiiins; siich a case ,thepair of spacing-seetions ne adj aeent to those =shownin Fig; fi -are s'o a ranged: that the end portions b of-theni m her bf, whileengaging the same side's'uQof nth form A as are engaged by those off thefirst set,-glo esvthisat different parts-'ofsa'id'sid with the-result that when the varied spacer-bars are :Wired'. to: the gvert forein -bals Bvgthese latter-are" pro "erlj :izvhole spacei "The we se'c'tions in plan view have the appearance pflthe. spacer shown in 'i l igt -e bfit=-1twi11 be-noted that their ends interlock to some extent and wonldei gag e .the yerticaLside of a form in two points seine 7J distance a art biit Vertically over each "and. In 6th of these cases the two memers forming eaeh-spaeer-areqloe'kedtogether awh r wil be W1s e 1me spaeecl relatively -to the two sides (12 0 the i form. The next two airs'of spacer-biar se t10ns,. both-above an ferre'd to,- ;engage.the sides a of theiforrn in a similarn anneng I 1 If it b desired that. theispacer-bar's be'kept from falling int o anyinclined position "on othei wise getting; Qllt 0fv 1a horizontalrplane}said bars na yybeinade as illustrated 'at G inf-"' FigsQQand10,4withtheei1dsb-iof theirssec tions firs t bentup ordownrelatively to the f plane of the spacer andlthjen bent outwardlyto engage thefoi'n1.-, Thes-result of sileh ar range nent; of .parts is xthat whenblthe'f two L i: ii members ofya pair of ,spacingrb'ars are put "1;,

togetherv the two; ends ofY-fonev'o'fi thinfem gage i the form at twopointsabovefhut in substantially the same; vertical plane a's'the points in which the ends;of;the;other;1ne

er engage saidform, the twov mem'b ei-s ,4 before, .;being wired; together and: to th'e ve tidal reinforeing-bars B; in the s'manner clearly'. shown; inj ;Fis. =9 and ,.10. sAnotheif he two pieces being alsoflres eetivel form ofspaeer-bar-Which maybe employed is I gle to its side members, but lying at about; an angle 'of forty-five degrees to the plane-of the other havingits ends bent upwardg and then outwardly, the end potti'ons'of eachpair'of 13o and then outwardly and the other having its said pieces being in interlocking engage- Wardly, said portions being in engagement ment with one another, and the extremities with one anot er and with the form, and the of said end gortionsengaging. the form to poend of adjacent courses of spacers engaging sition the spacer, substantially as described, the form in vertical lines, substantially as de- 5. The combination in a body of concrete scribed.

of a series of longitudinally-extending rein- In testimony whereof Ihave signed my forcing-bars therein, a series of spacers C0117 name to this specification in the presence of nected to said bars, said spacers each contwo subscribing Witnesses. sisting of two substantially U-shapedpieces, EDSON M. SCOFIELD. one having its end portions bent downwardly Witnesses E. S. RUE,

end portions bent upwardly pnd then out- J. O. MOAIJPINE. 

